Corrosion Short Courses: WRC 488-Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment In The Pulp And Paper Industry, presented by NACE certified Corrosion Specialist , WebCorr Corrosion Consulting Services.

WRC 488 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment In The Pulp And Paper Industry

Course Overview

There are significant economic benefits in continuing the operation of aging pressure vessels, piping, and tankage. API 579 Recommended Practice for Fitness-For-Service was developed to provide a central reference for flaw evaluation and damage assessment of aging equipment. The first step in a fitness-for-service assessment performed in accordance with API RP 579 is to identify the flaw type and the cause of damage. Proper identification of damage mechanisms for components containing flaws or other forms of deterioration is also the first step in performing a Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) in accordance with API RP 580. One factor that complicates a FFS assessment or RBI study for pulp and paper plant equipment is that material/environmental condition interactions are extremely varied. Pulp and paper plants contain many different processing units, each having its own combination of aggressive process streams and temperature/pressure conditions.

This 5-day training course provides participants with a thorough understanding of the various damage mechanisms contained in the latest edition of WRC 488 that can affect process equipment, the type and extent of damage that can be expected, and how this knowledge can be applied to the selection of effective inspection methods to detect size and characterize damage.

This corrosion short course is available for in-house training, online and distance learning worldwide. It can also be customized to meet the specific needs of your organization.

Course Outline

1. Introduction to Corrosion

1.1 Corrosion: Definition and Examples

1.2 Basic Concepts in Electrochemistry

1.3 Why Do Metals Corrode

1.4 Kinetics: the Rate of Corrosion

1.5 Kinetics: Corrosion Affected by Diffusion

1.6 How Do Metals Corrode: Different Forms of Corrosion

1.7 General Methods for Corrosion Control

2. Introduction to WRC 488

3. Definition of Terms and Abbreviations

4. General Damage Mechanisms – All Industries Including Refining and
Petrochemical, Pulp and Paper, and Fossil Utility

4.1 General

4.2 Mechanical and Metallurgical Failure Mechanisms

4.2.1 Graphitization

4.2.2 Softening (Spheroidization)

4.2.3 Temper Embrittlement

4.2.4 Strain Aging

4.2.5 885^oF Embrittlement

4.2.6 Sigma Phase Embrittlement

4.2.7 Brittle Fracture

4.2.8 Creep / Stress Rupture

4.2.9 Thermal Fatigue

4.2.10 Short Term Overheating – Stress Rupture

4.2.11 Steam Blanketing

4.2.12 Dissimilar Metal Weld (DMW) Cracking

4.2.13 Thermal Shock

4.2.14 Erosion / Erosion-Corrosion

4.2.15 Cavitation

4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue

4.2.17 Vibration-Induced Fatigue

4.2.18 Refractory Degradation

4.2.19 Reheat Cracking

4.3 Uniform or Localized Loss of Thickness

4.3.1 Galvanic Corrosion

4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion

4.3.3 Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI)

4.3.4 Cooling Water Corrosion

4.3.5 Boiler Water Condensate Corrosion

4.3.6 CO2 Corrosion

4.3.7 Flue Gas Dew Point Corrosion

4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC)

4.3.9 Soil Corrosion

4.3.10 Caustic Corrosion

4.3.11 Dealloying

4.3.12 Graphitic Corrosion

4.4 High Temperature Corrosion [400^oF (204^oC)]

4.4.1 Oxidation

4.4.2 Sulfidation

4.4.3 Carburization

4.4.4 Decarburization

4.4.5 Metal Dusting

4.4.6 Fuel Ash Corrosion

4.4.7 Nitriding

4.5 Environment – Assisted Cracking

4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (CI-SCC)

4.5.2 Corrosion Fatigue

4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement)

4.5.4 Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking

4.5.5 Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME)

4.5.6 Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE)

5 Damage Mechanisms - Pulp and Paper Industry

5.1 General

5.1.1 Uniform or Localized Metal Loss

5.1.1.1 Liquor Corrosion of Carbon Steel

5.1.1.2 Hot Plate Boiling Corrosion in Batch Digesters

5.1.1.3 Erosion Corrosion in Pulp and Brown Stock Equipment

5.1.1.4 Pitting of Carbon Steel in Brown Stock Environments

5.1.1.5 Abrasion Enhances Corrosion in Alkaline Recovery Systems

5.1.1.6 Localized Corrosion in Acidic, Chloride Containing Bleaching Environments

5.1.1.7 Localized Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Non-Alkaline, Chloride-Containing Environments

5.1.1.8 Transpassive Corrosion of Nickel Alloys in Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching

5.1.1.9 Peroxide Corrosion of Titanium

5.1.1.10 Localized Corrosion of Titanium

5.1.1.11 Hot Alkaline Liquor Corrosion of Stainless Alloys

5.1.1.12 Intergranular Corrosion

5.1.2 Aqueous Environment Cracking Mechanisms

5.1.2.1 Stress Corrosion Cracking of the Clad Layer in Composite Tubes in Recovery Boilers

5.1.2.2 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Fasteners in Steam Heated Dryers

5.1.3 Mechanical and Metallurgical Failure Mechanisms

5.1.3.1 Abrasive Wear

5.1.3.2 Wear of Cast Iron

5.1.4 High Temperature Corrosion

5.1.4.1 Molten Salt Corrosion above 900°F (480°C)

5.1.4.2 Localized Corrosion of the Clad Layer in Composite Tubes in Recovery Boilers

5.1.4.3 Acidic Sulfate Corrosion in Kraft Recovery Boilers

5.1.5 Damage to Non-Metallics

5.1.5.1 Freeze-Thaw Deterioration (FTD) of Concrete

5.1.5.2 Sulfate Attack of Concrete

5.1.5.3 Oxidative Attack of Organic Resins - FRP, Brick, Lining Mortars

5.1.5.4 Acid Attack of Concrete Sewers

5.1.5.5 Tile and Brick Lining Degradation

5.2 Process Unit PFDs

5.2.1 Wood Yard

5.2.2 Pulping - Mechanical Pulping

5.2.3 Digesters - Continuous

5.2.4 Digesters - Batch

5.2.5 Brown Stock Washing O2 Delignification

5.2.6 Chemical Preparation

5.2.7 Chemical Recovery-Liquor Path

5.2.8 Chemical Recovery - Recovery Boiler

5.2.9 Pulp Bleaching

5.2.10 Lime Kiln

5.2.11 Paper Making

5.2.12 Effluent Treatment

6. End-of-Course Examination

Who Should Attend

Design Engineers, Inspection Engineers, Maintenance Engineers, Plant Inspectors, Mechanical Engineers, and Process Engineers in the pulp and paper industry.

Registration for This Corrosion Course

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In-House Training Corrosion Courses/On-Site Training Corrosion Courses

If you are concerned with corrosion in your business, in-house training or on-site training is a great solution to train a group of employees from design, production, operation, quality assurance, inspection and maintenance, and technical sales and support on corrosion control and corrosion prevention technology. The contents of all our corrosion courses can be customized to fit your organization's needs.

There is no limit to the number of participants required for in-house training corrosion courses or on-site training corrosion courses. We conduct the in-house or on-site training corrosion courses at your company's premises worldwide and at a time convenient to your company.

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Corrosion Course-On-Demand

All our publicly scheduled corrosion short courses are conducted once a year. However, you do not need to wait for one year if you have missed any of the publicly scheduled corrosion courses as we have this unique corrosion course-on-demand scheme: we will conduct the course just for you on an one-on-one basis at a time and in a location convenient to you. This option costs significantly less than a full-scale in-house training program.

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Online and Distance Learning Corrosion Courses

All our corrosion short courses are available for online or offline distance learning. You can start an online course at any time and learn at your own comfortable pace, whenever and wherever you are. You have around-the-clock access to interactive and media-rich course materials, virtual labs, course instructions, course assignments, and course assessments. Discussions and questions related to the corrosion courses are posted on the website or exchanged through email for a period up to 3 months. Video conferencing or instant messaging can also be arranged for discussions of course topics. For those who do not have ready access to internet, we can send you our online course materials on a CD-ROM or DVD or USB memory stick for offline learning.

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Corrosion Course-On-Webex

Webex is hosted by Cisco, a product purpose-built for real-time web communications. If you are an existing user of Webex, or if you are willing to experience the power of Webex, we can conduct the course for you over Webex with audio and video presentations and interactions with the course instructor and other course attendees in real-time. It is just like the physical classroom settings that everyone can interact with each other. Your questions will be answered in real time by our instructor.

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PowerPoint Slides and Test Banks for Trainers, Instructors, Tutors, University Lecturers and Professors

If you are involved in teaching or training, you may wish to purchase a complete set of the trainer's package for this training course. The trainer's package comes complete with ready-to-use PowerPoint slides (fully editable) and test bank (with answer keys). These ready-to-use PowerPoint slides contain high quality color photographs, illustrations, animations, audio and video clips. The test bank contains questions in four categories: (1) true or false, (2) multiple choice, (3) calculation, and (4) reasoning and open-ended discussions. The trainer's package is suitable for in-house training and university teaching. This is exactly the same package that WebCorr uses to deliver our current training course.

The one-time lump sum fee allows your organization to use the training package and also modify it. For example, your organization may modify the course contents and re-name/re-brand the course under your organization’s name. WebCorr only retains the copyright of the original PowerPoint slides and test bank.

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